欧洲黄金签证比较

At least €500,000 in units/parts of a non-real-estate collective investment undertaking constituted under Portuguese law. At the time of investment the vehicle must have a maturity of at least five years and at least 60% of its investments must be in commercial companies headquartered in Portugal. The ARI activity may not be directly or indirectly directed to real-estate investment.

• 爱玛 · Autorização de Residência para Investimento - Art. 90.º-A · Current routes, general ARI rights, documents and route-specific requirements · accessed 2026-10-01
• 《共和国日报》 · Lei n.º 23/2007, de 4 de julho - consolidated · Art. 3(1)(d), Art. 75, 80, 82, 83, 90-A, 98-101, 126 · accessed 2026-10-01

Standard purchase under Article 100 uses one property. For built/permitted property the main-use area must meet the 120 m² rule. Unbuilt land, land plus construction, qualifying co-ownership and full-company-ownership mechanisms require their own documentary treatment and are not separate universal price shortcuts.

• Hellenic National Printing Office · Law 5038/2023 - Migration Code · Article 100 - real-estate investment residence permit B.5 · accessed 2026-10-02
• Hellenic National Printing Office · Law 5100/2024 · Article 64 - replacement/amendment of Article 100 Golden Visa thresholds and conditions · accessed 2026-10-02
• Ministry of Migration and Asylum · Circular 1/2026 - Golden Visa implementation clarifications · Geography, area, conversion, restoration, ownership, restrictions and transitional clarifications · accessed 2026-10-02
• Hellenic Government Gazette · Joint Ministerial Decision 214926/2025, Gazette B 6014 · Article 2 sections 2.1-2.7 and renewal documentation · accessed 2026-10-02

The €500,000 threshold is route-specific and must not be presented as the minimum for the entire Portuguese ARI programme.

• 爱玛 · Autorização de Residência para Investimento - Art. 90.º-A · Current routes, general ARI rights, documents and route-specific requirements · accessed 2026-10-01
• 《共和国日报》 · Lei n.º 23/2007, de 4 de julho - consolidated · Art. 3(1)(d), Art. 75, 80, 82, 83, 90-A, 98-101, 126 · accessed 2026-10-01

Standard property thresholds depend on geography. The standard route is not the €250k conversion/listed-building exception. For relevant built/permitted property, one qualifying property and 120 m² of main-use space are material conditions.

• Hellenic National Printing Office · Law 5100/2024 · Article 64 - replacement/amendment of Article 100 Golden Visa thresholds and conditions · accessed 2026-10-02
• Ministry of Migration and Asylum · Circular 1/2026 - Golden Visa implementation clarifications · Geography, area, conversion, restoration, ownership, restrictions and transitional clarifications · accessed 2026-10-02

Government fees are separate from the qualifying investment. Published reduced amounts are €632.10 for analysis and €6,314.20 for the initial grant where the 25% channel reduction applies. The DUC issued for the case controls the amount payable.

• 爱玛 · Tabela de taxas e demais encargos - 2026 · ARI - analysis, initial grant and renewal rows; standard and reduced column · accessed 2026-10-01
• 爱玛 · Atualização da Tabela de Taxas · Effective date of 2026 table · accessed 2026-10-01
• Diário da República / AIMA · Portaria n.º 307/2023, de 13 de outubro · Annex, point XIV - channel-based fee reductions; Art. 3 annual updating · accessed 2026-10-01

Official B.5 sources show a €2,000 residence-permit fee plus €16 for printing the electronic residence card. Investment value, transfer tax, insurance and private transaction costs are separate.

• National Registry of Administrative Public Services (MITOS) · Golden visa programme (investment in a listed real property) - Initial issuance · Article 100 B.5; 5-year validity, €2,016 fees, 50-60 day administrative estimate, no employment right; last updated 2026-09-22 · accessed 2026-10-02
• Ministry of Migration and Asylum · Golden Visa · Residence and renewal fee references; investment/lease maintenance documentation · accessed 2026-10-02

Published reduced amounts are €632.10 for analysis and €3,157.80 for renewal where the 25% channel reduction applies. This is not an annual cost.

• 爱玛 · Tabela de taxas e demais encargos - 2026 · ARI - analysis, initial grant and renewal rows; standard and reduced column · accessed 2026-10-01
• 爱玛 · Atualização da Tabela de Taxas · Effective date of 2026 table · accessed 2026-10-01
• Diário da República / AIMA · Portaria n.º 307/2023, de 13 de outubro · Annex, point XIV - channel-based fee reductions; Art. 3 annual updating · accessed 2026-10-01

The Ministry/FYPAS factual gate verifies the same €2,000 residence fee and separate €16 card-printing charge for B.5 renewal. This is not an annual charge.

• Ministry of Migration and Asylum · Golden Visa · Residence and renewal fee references; investment/lease maintenance documentation · accessed 2026-10-02

Initial temporary residence card: two years. Subsequent renewal duration is shown separately.

• 爱玛 · Autorização de Residência para Investimento - Art. 90.º-A · Current routes, general ARI rights, documents and route-specific requirements · accessed 2026-10-01
• 《共和国日报》 · Lei n.º 23/2007, de 4 de julho - consolidated · Art. 3(1)(d), Art. 75, 80, 82, 83, 90-A, 98-101, 126 · accessed 2026-10-01

Article 100 B.5 procedures issue a five-year renewable investor residence permit. The legal/public label can include 'permanent investor', but the immigration basis remains tied to the qualifying asset or contract.

• Hellenic National Printing Office · Law 5038/2023 - Migration Code · Article 100 - real-estate investment residence permit B.5 · accessed 2026-10-02
• National Registry of Administrative Public Services (MITOS) · Golden visa programme (investment in a listed real property) - Initial issuance · Article 100 B.5; 5-year validity, €2,016 fees, 50-60 day administrative estimate, no employment right; last updated 2026-09-22 · accessed 2026-10-02

Article 90-A(2) specifies successive two-year renewals for ARI. The general temporary-residence rule of two initial years followed by three-year renewals is subject to special provisions and should not be used as an unconditional ARI promise. The TBP calculator schedules initial issuance in planning year 2 and the first renewal in year 4; planning years are not the validity of the renewed card.

• 《共和国日报》 · Lei n.º 23/2007, de 4 de julho - consolidated · Art. 3(1)(d), Art. 75, 80, 82, 83, 90-A, 98-101, 126 · accessed 2026-10-01

B.5 renewal is five-yearly. Ownership or the qualifying tourism/lease relationship must remain in force, and route-specific conditions such as listed-building restoration milestones apply.

• Hellenic National Printing Office · Law 5038/2023 - Migration Code · Article 100 - real-estate investment residence permit B.5 · accessed 2026-10-02
• Hellenic Government Gazette · Joint Ministerial Decision 214926/2025, Gazette B 6014 · Article 2 sections 2.1-2.7 and renewal documentation · accessed 2026-10-02
• Ministry of Migration and Asylum · Golden Visa · Residence and renewal fee references; investment/lease maintenance documentation · accessed 2026-10-02

The ARI regulation requires at least seven days in the first year and at least fourteen days in each subsequent two-year period. This should not be flattened into a generic days-per-year figure.

• 《共和国日报》 · Decreto Regulamentar n.º 84/2007, de 5 de novembro - consolidated · Arts. 65-A, 65-B, 65-C, 65-D and 65-K · accessed 2026-10-01
• 爱玛 · Autorização de Residência para Investimento (ARI) - FAQs · Questions 21-30 - renewal, stay, investment maintenance, permanent status · accessed 2026-10-01

The validated B.5 record does not impose a general continuous-physical-presence minimum to renew solely because of absence. This must not be presented as satisfying the separate actual-residence conditions for naturalisation or long-term status.

• Hellenic National Printing Office · Law 5038/2023 - Migration Code · Article 100 - real-estate investment residence permit B.5 · accessed 2026-10-02

The spouse qualifies under Art. 99 and a duly proven de facto partner may qualify under Art. 100. The marriage/union must be valid and recognised under Portuguese law and both partners must be at least 18 at the request date. Art. 98(3)(c) exempts family of Art. 90-A holders from the general two-year waiting period.

• 《共和国日报》 · Lei n.º 23/2007, de 4 de julho - consolidated · Art. 3(1)(d), Art. 75, 80, 82, 83, 90-A, 98-101, 126 · accessed 2026-10-01
• 《共和国日报》 · Lei n.º 61/2025, de 22 de outubro · Arts. 98-101 - current family reunification rules and ARI exception · accessed 2026-10-01

The current family framework includes the spouse or registered partner. Family permits are linked to the investor's status and should not be described as independent admission without the statutory relationship evidence.

• Hellenic Government Gazette / Ministry of Migration and Asylum · Law 5275/2026, Gazette A 17 · Article 29 - amendment of Article 95 family-member rules · accessed 2026-10-02

Eligible categories include dependent minor or incapacitated children, qualifying adopted minors, and dependent unmarried adult children who are studying. The ARI-specific rule in Art. 99(1)(e) does not require the adult student's institution to be in Portugal.

• 《共和国日报》 · Lei n.º 23/2007, de 4 de julho - consolidated · Art. 3(1)(d), Art. 75, 80, 82, 83, 90-A, 98-101, 126 · accessed 2026-10-01
• 《共和国日报》 · Lei n.º 61/2025, de 22 de outubro · Arts. 98-101 - current family reunification rules and ARI exception · accessed 2026-10-01

The current framework covers unmarried children under 21 and specified custody/dependency cases. Law 5275/2026 adds a defined adult-child legal-incapacity case with cohabitation/maintenance conditions. A separate three-year autonomous permit when an eligible child turns 21 is not the same as initial admission at age 24.

• Ministry of Migration and Asylum · Circular 1/2026 - Golden Visa implementation clarifications · Geography, area, conversion, restoration, ownership, restrictions and transitional clarifications · accessed 2026-10-02
• Hellenic Government Gazette / Ministry of Migration and Asylum · Law 5275/2026, Gazette A 17 · Article 29 - amendment of Article 95 family-member rules · accessed 2026-10-02

Art. 99(1)(f) covers first-degree direct ascendants of the resident or spouse provided they are dependent. The comparator should not broaden this to grandparents.

• 《共和国日报》 · Lei n.º 23/2007, de 4 de julho - consolidated · Art. 3(1)(d), Art. 75, 80, 82, 83, 90-A, 98-101, 126 · accessed 2026-10-01

Article 95 family rules include direct ascendants. The comparator intentionally avoids adding an unsupported generic dependency test; documentary and relationship requirements still apply.

• Hellenic Government Gazette / Ministry of Migration and Asylum · Law 5275/2026, Gazette A 17 · Article 29 - amendment of Article 95 family-member rules · accessed 2026-10-02

Art. 83 gives residence-permit holders the right to employed and self-employed professional activity in Portugal without a separate authorisation based on foreigner status.

• 爱玛 · Autorização de Residência para Investimento - Art. 90.º-A · Current routes, general ARI rights, documents and route-specific requirements · accessed 2026-10-01
• 《共和国日报》 · Lei n.º 23/2007, de 4 de julho - consolidated · Art. 3(1)(d), Art. 75, 80, 82, 83, 90-A, 98-101, 126 · accessed 2026-10-01

Current MITOS B.5 procedures expressly state that investor residence permits do not establish a right of access to employment. This does not prevent ownership/investment rights but must not be presented as a general work permit.

• National Registry of Administrative Public Services (MITOS) · Permanent golden visa (change of use) - Initial issuance · Article 100 B.5; requirements, fees, digital filing and sale/revocation note; last updated 2026-09-22 · accessed 2026-10-02
• National Registry of Administrative Public Services (MITOS) · Golden visa programme (investment in a listed real property) - Initial issuance · Article 100 B.5; 5-year validity, €2,016 fees, 50-60 day administrative estimate, no employment right; last updated 2026-09-22 · accessed 2026-10-02
• National Registry of Administrative Public Services (MITOS) · Golden visa (timeshare) - Initial issuance · Article 100 B.5; qualifying tourism/timeshare contract, digital/proxy filing, legal references; last updated 2026-09-22 · accessed 2026-10-02

A residence permit issued by a Schengen state supports short travel to another Schengen state within the 90/180 rule, subject to the applicable entry conditions. More than 90 days or work/residence in another state requires that state's rules.

• 爱玛 · Autorização de Residência para Investimento - Art. 90.º-A · Current routes, general ARI rights, documents and route-specific requirements · accessed 2026-10-01
• European Commission · EU Immigration Portal - Already in the EU? · Travel to another Schengen country for less than 90 days · accessed 2026-10-01

A valid Greek residence permit supports short travel to other Schengen states within the 90/180 framework, subject to the usual entry conditions. Longer residence or work is governed by the destination state's rules.

• European Commission · EU Immigration Portal - Already in the EU? · Travel to another Schengen country for less than 90 days · accessed 2026-10-02

National permanent residence is not automatic. ARI holders who meet Art. 80 may receive the special permanent ARI title under Art. 65-K, which excludes the ordinary permanent-residence absence-cancellation rules referenced there. The separate EU long-term resident status also starts from five years but requires legal and uninterrupted residence, stable resources, insurance, housing and basic Portuguese; absences must be under six consecutive months and at most ten months total in the five-year reference period.

• 《共和国日报》 · Lei n.º 23/2007, de 4 de julho - consolidated · Art. 3(1)(d), Art. 75, 80, 82, 83, 90-A, 98-101, 126 · accessed 2026-10-01
• 《共和国日报》 · Decreto Regulamentar n.º 84/2007, de 5 de novembro - consolidated · Arts. 65-A, 65-B, 65-C, 65-D and 65-K · accessed 2026-10-01
• 爱玛 · Autorização de Residência Permanente - Art. 80.º · Permanent residence requirements and 5-year physical title renewal · accessed 2026-10-01

The B.5 permit can be renewed in five-year periods but remains linked to the qualifying investment. Independent national/EU long-term residence is a separate status requiring its own residence/integration conditions; this dataset does not encode a shortcut based solely on five calendar years of Golden Visa holding.

• Hellenic National Printing Office · Law 5038/2023 - Migration Code · Article 100 - real-estate investment residence permit B.5 · accessed 2026-10-02

For new cases under the law in force from 19 May 2026, ordinary naturalisation also requires the current statutory language/culture/history/symbols, civic-knowledge, democratic-commitment, criminal/security and subsistence conditions. Administrative nationality procedures already pending on 19 May 2026 follow the prior law. Eligibility is not a promise of nationality or a processing-time guarantee.

• 《共和国日报》 · Lei da Nacionalidade - Lei n.º 37/81, current consolidated text · Art. 6(1); Art. 15; transition note from Lei Orgânica n.º 1/2026 · accessed 2026-10-01
• 《共和国日报》 · Lei Orgânica n.º 1/2026, de 18 de maio · Arts. 2, 4, 7 and 8; republished Art. 6 · accessed 2026-10-01

MITOS, last updated 1 October 2026, states seven years of legal and permanent residence for the ordinary naturalisation route, with economic/social integration and other statutory conditions. A Golden Visa holder who simply keeps the card while living abroad does not satisfy that actual-residence condition by card duration alone.

• National Registry of Administrative Public Services (MITOS) · Naturalisation of foreign nationals · Seven years of legal and permanent residence plus substantive integration conditions; last updated 2026-10-01 · accessed 2026-10-02